Dietary fat quantity and quality modifies advanced glycation end products metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether diets with different fat quantity and quality affect AGE metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Results Summary
The HMUFA diet reduced serum AGE levels and RAGE mRNA while increasing AGER1 and GloxI mRNA levels. The LFHCC n-3 diet also reduced serum AGE levels and increased AGER1 mRNA, suggesting dietary modulation of AGE metabolism may help reduce MetS-related risks.
Population
75 patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Effective Dosage
Not specified (dietary interventions only).
Duration
12 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HMUFA diet | decrease | serum AGE (sAGE) | MetS patients | - | reduced | #1 |
HMUFA diet | decrease | RAGE mRNA | MetS patients | - | reduced | #2 |
HMUFA diet | increase | AGER1 mRNA levels | MetS patients | - | increased | #3 |
HMUFA diet | increase | GloxI mRNA levels | MetS patients | - | increased | #4 |
LFHCC n-3 diet | decrease | sAGE levels | MetS patients | - | reduced | #5 |
LFHCC n-3 diet | increase | AGER1 mRNA levels | MetS patients | - | increased | #6 |
Low AGE content in HMUFA diet | decrease | sAGEs | MetS patients | - | reduces | #7 |
Low AGE content in HMUFA diet | neutral | the gene expression related to AGE metabolism | MetS patients | - | modulates | #8 |
SCOPE: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) increase in dysmetabolic conditions. Lifestyle, including diet, has shown be effective in preventing the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). We investigated whether AGE metabolism is affected by diets with different fat quantity and quality in MetS patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: A randomized, controlled trial assigned 75 MetS patients to one of four diets: high SFA (HSFA), high MUFA (HMUFA), and two low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate diets (LFHCC) supplemented with long-chain n-3 PUFA or placebo for 12-weeks each. Dietary and serum AGE [methylglyoxal (MG: lysine-MG-H1) and N-carboxymethyllysine] levels and gene expression related to AGE metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (AGER1, RAGE, GloxI, and Sirt1 mRNA) were determined. HMUFA diet reduced serum AGE (sAGE) and RAGE mRNA, increased AGER1 and GloxI mRNA levels compared to the other diets. LFHCC n-3 diet reduced sAGE levels and increased AGER1 mRNA levels compared to LFHCC and HSFA diets. Multiple regression analyses showed that sMG and AGER1 mRNA appeared as significant predictors of oxidative stress/inflammation-related parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Low AGE content in HMUFA diet reduces sAGEs and modulates the gene expression related to AGE metabolism in MetS patients, which may be used as a therapeutic approach to reduce the incidence of MetS and related chronic diseases.