Effects of pre-germinated brown rice treatment high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) could effectively treat metabolic syndrome by improving glucose and lipid metabolism in mice.
Results Summary
The study found that PGBR improved blood pressure, biochemical parameters, and protein expressions related to glucose and lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet, suggesting it may help treat metabolic syndrome.
Population
Mice fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks.
Effective Dosage
Not specified (dietary carbohydrate replaced with PGBR).
Duration
4 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | weight | mice | - | gained more weight | #1 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | blood pressure | mice | - | had higher | #2 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | heart rate | mice | - | had higher | #3 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | blood glucose | mice | - | had higher | #4 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | blood lipids | mice | - | had higher | #5 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | liver levels of TG | mice | - | had higher | #6 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | feces TG | mice | - | had higher | #7 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | feces bile acid | mice | - | had higher | #8 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | adipose levels of adipocytokine | mice | - | had lower | #9 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | skeletal muscle IR | mice | - | had lower | #10 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | skeletal muscle IRS-1 | mice | - | had lower | #11 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | skeletal muscle IRS-2 | mice | - | had lower | #12 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | skeletal muscle PI3 K | mice | - | had lower | #13 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | skeletal muscle Akt/PKB | mice | - | had lower | #14 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | skeletal muscle GLUT-1 | mice | - | had lower | #15 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | skeletal muscle GLUT-4 | mice | - | had lower | #16 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | skeletal muscle GCK | mice | - | had lower | #17 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | skeletal muscle PPAR-γ | mice | - | had lower | #18 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | liver SREBP-1 | mice | - | had higher | #19 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | liver SCD-1 | mice | - | had higher | #20 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | liver FAS | mice | - | had higher | #21 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | liver HMGCR | mice | - | had higher | #22 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | liver LDLR | mice | - | had higher | #23 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | liver CYP7α1 | mice | - | had higher | #24 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | liver PPAR-α | mice | - | had higher | #25 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | adipose SREBP-1 | mice | - | had higher | #26 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | adipose SCD-1 | mice | - | had higher | #27 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | increase | adipose FAS | mice | - | had higher | #28 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | adipose PPAR-α | mice | - | had lower | #29 |
high-fat-diet (HFD) | decrease | adipose adiponectin | mice | - | had lower | #30 |
pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) | decrease | blood pressure | mice | - | had clearly improved | #31 |
pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) | improvement | biochemical parameters | mice | - | had clearly improved | #32 |
pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) | improvement | above proteins expressions | mice | - | had clearly improved | #33 |
pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) | improvement | metabolic syndrome | mice | - | successful treatment | #34 |
pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) | improvement | glucose synthesis and metabolism | mice | - | achieved through improvements | #35 |
pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) | improvement | lipid synthesis and metabolism | mice | - | achieved through improvements | #36 |
To investigate using pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) to treat metabolic syndrome, we fed one group of mice standard-regular-diet (SRD) for 20 weeks and another group of mice high-fat-diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. We subdivided them into HFD group and HFD + PGBR group whose dietary carbohydrate was replaced with PGBR for 4 weeks. The HFD group gained more weight, had higher blood pressure, heart rate, blood glucose and lipids, liver levels of TG, feces TG and bile acid, lower adipose levels of adipocytokine, lower skeletal muscle IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, PI3 K, Akt/PKB, GLUT-1, GLUT-4, GCK and PPAR-γ; higher liver SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS, HMGCR, LDLR, CYP7α1 and PPAR-α, and higher adipose SREBP-1, SCD-1, FAS, and lower adipose PPAR-α and adiponectin. The HFD + PGBR group had clearly improved blood pressure, biochemical parameters and above proteins expressions. PGBR successful treatment of metabolic syndrome was achieved through improvements in glucose and lipid synthesis and metabolism.