The role of diet on gut microbiota composition.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to explore the impact of a high-fat diet on gut microbiota composition and its potential clinical consequences.
Results Summary
The study found that a high-fat diet promotes pro-inflammatory gut microbiota, increases intestinal permeability, and elevates circulating lipopolysaccharides, potentially leading to pathogenic flora development.
Population
Not specified (general discussion of dietary impacts on gut microbiota).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
prevalent Western diet | no change | intestinal microbiota composition | subjects | - | main differences | #1 |
diet rich in fibers | no change | intestinal microbiota composition | subjects | - | main differences | #2 |
different dietary intake | no change | composition of gut microbiota | subjects | - | specific changes | #3 |
particular diet | increase | specific bacterial strains | hosts | - | promote the growth | #4 |
particular diet | no change | fermentative metabolism | hosts | - | alteration | #5 |
particular diet | no change | intestinal pH | - | - | direct effect | #6 |
high-fat diet | increase | pro-inflammatory gut microbiota | - | - | promote the development | #7 |
high-fat diet | increase | intestinal permeability | - | - | increase | #8 |
high-fat diet | increase | circulating levels of lipopolysaccharides | - | - | increase | #9 |
Gut microbiota is characterized by an inter-individual variability due to genetic and environmental factors. Among the environmental ones, dietary habits play a key role in the modulation of gut microbiota composition. There are main differences between the intestinal microbiota of subjects fed with prevalent Western diet and that of subjects with a diet rich in fibers. Specific changes in the composition of gut microbiota have been demonstrated among subjects according to a different dietary intake. A particular diet may promote the growth of specific bacterial strains, driving hosts to a consequent alteration of fermentative metabolism, with a direct effect on intestinal pH, which can be responsible for the development of a pathogenic flora. Moreover, a high-fat diet can promote the development of a pro-inflammatory gut microbiota, with a consequent increase of intestinal permeability and, consequently, of circulating levels of lipopolysaccharides. In this review, we discuss the direct role of the diet in the composition of gut microbiota and about the possible clinical consequences.