Guduchi Sawras (Tinospora cordifolia): An Ayurvedic drug treatment modulates the impaired lipid metabolism in alcoholics through dopaminergic neurotransmission and anti-oxidant defense system.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate the mechanistic approach of Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi Sawras) in addressing alcohol-induced hyperlipidemia and its effects on oxidative stress and metabolic markers.
Results Summary
The study found that Guduchi Sawras treatment significantly reversed alcohol-induced metabolic disturbances, including elevated triglycerides and oxidative stress markers, by activating PPARα, CREB, and SREBP-1 through dopamine D1 receptor-mediated signaling. It also restored serotonin and dopamine levels and improved liver enzyme ratios.
Population
Moderate alcohol consumers (n=25) and healthy volunteers (n=27) aged 41±3.8 years.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | hyperlipidemia | moderate alcohol consumers | - | lead to | #1 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | oxidative burden | moderate alcohol consumers | - | lead to | #2 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | serotonin levels | alcoholics | 1.9-fold | demonstrated the increased | #3 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | decrease | dopamine levels | alcoholics | -2.3-fold | decreased | #4 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | urinary BCAAs levels | alcoholics | >2.0-fold | revealed a significant increase in | #5 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | pantothenic acid levels | alcoholics | 1.8-fold | revealed a significant increase in | #6 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | carnitines levels | alcoholics | >2-fold | revealed a significant increase in | #7 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | decrease | nicotinamide-1-oxide levels | alcoholics | -1.7-fold | decrease in | #8 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | decrease | N-methylnicotinamide levels | alcoholics | -1.6-fold | decrease in | #9 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | AST/ALT ratio | alcoholics | 1.91 | showed the increased | #10 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | triglycerides levels | alcoholics | 20% | showed the increased | #11 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | MDA levels | alcoholics | 34% | showed the increased | #12 |
moderate chronic alcohol consumption | increase | GSH levels | alcoholics | 56% | showed the increased | #13 |
GS treatment | decrease | the most of the discussed metabolites levels | alcoholics | - | significantly reverted | #14 |
GS treatment | decrease | enzymes activities | alcoholics | - | significantly reverted | #15 |
GS treatment | decrease | hyperlipidemia | alcoholics | - | ameliorates | #16 |
GS treatment | decrease | oxidative stress | alcoholics | - | ameliorates hyperlipidemia by decreasing | #17 |
GS treatment | increase | PPARα | alcoholics | - | ameliorates hyperlipidemia by activating | #18 |
GS treatment | increase | CREB | alcoholics | - | ameliorates hyperlipidemia by activating | #19 |
GS treatment | increase | SREBP-1 | alcoholics | - | ameliorates hyperlipidemia by activating | #20 |
Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi Sawras) though has been clearly demonstrated in literature for its hypolipidemic and anti-alcoholism properties but its anti-hyperlipidemia mechanistic approach is still missing. Moreover, its direct implication with alcohol induced hyperlipidemia has also not been reported till date. In order to explore the answers of these questions, phytochemicals of Tinospora cordifolia water extract "Guduchi Sawras" (GS) was analyzed using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS. On the basis of relative peak volumes 110 compounds were selected and identified in GS. Besides that, protein targets of most abundant compounds present in GS were fetched from ChEMBL and protein interaction network (PIN) was constructed. GO enrichment analysis showed that GS targets various pathways including dopamine metabolism, cAMP-dependent signaling pathway, and glycolytic process. Biological processes obtained via PIN were correlated with hyperlipidemia markers and dopamine metabolism in moderate alcohol consumers (n=25) and healthy volunteers (n=27) of age 41±3.8years. Metabolic analysis demonstrated the increased serotonin (1.9-fold) and decreased dopamine (-2.3-fold) levels in alcoholics. Further data analysis revealed a significant increase in urinary BCAAs (>2.0-fold), pantothenic acid (1.8-fold), carnitines (>2-fold) levels, and decrease in PPARα activation markers levels i.e. nicotinamide-1-oxide (-1.7-fold), and N-methylnicotinamide (-1.6-fold) in alcoholics. Biochemical analysis showed the increased AST/ALT ratio (1.91), along with triglycerides (20%), and MDA (34%) and GSH (56%) levels in alcoholics. GS treatment significantly reverted the most of the discussed metabolites levels (p<0.05) and enzymes activities (p<0.05) in alcoholics. The data depict that moderate chronic alcohol consumption lead to hyperlipidemia and oxidative burden; whereas GS treatment ameliorates hyperlipidemia by decreasing oxidative stress, activating PPARα, CREB and SREBP-1 through stimulation of dopamine D1 receptors mediated signalling molecules i.e. cAMP and protein kinase A.