Short-term high-fat diet alters postprandial glucose metabolism and circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in healthy males.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether short-term intake of a eucaloric low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (LCHF) worsens postprandial glucose metabolism and increases circulating adhesion molecules in healthy males.
Results Summary
The study found that a 3-day LCHF diet significantly increased postprandial glucose and VCAM-1 concentrations while reducing first-phase insulin secretion compared to a control diet. No significant differences were observed between the intermediate-fat and control diets.
Population
Seven healthy young males (mean age 26 ± 1 years).
Effective Dosage
Approximately 70% fats (LCHF), 50% fats (ICIF), and 25% fats (control).
Duration
3 days.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
short-term intake of a eucaloric low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (LCHF) | increase | incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of plasma glucose concentration during MTT | healthy young males | P = 0.009 | significantly higher | #1 |
short-term intake of a eucaloric low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (LCHF) | decrease | first-phase insulin secretion indexes | healthy young males | P = 0.04 | significantly lower | #2 |
short-term intake of a eucaloric low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (LCHF) | increase | iAUC of GLP-1 concentrations | healthy young males | P = 0.014 | significantly higher | #3 |
short-term intake of a eucaloric low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (LCHF) | increase | iAUC of VCAM-1 concentrations | healthy young males | P = 0.04 | significantly higher | #4 |
short-term intake of a eucaloric intermediate-carbohydrate/intermediate-fat diet (ICIF) | no change | metabolites | healthy young males | - | not significantly different | #5 |
short-term intake of eucaloric diet containing a high percentage of fats | increase | postprandial glucose concentrations | healthy males | - | excessively increased | #6 |
short-term intake of eucaloric diet containing a high percentage of fats | increase | VCAM-1 concentrations | healthy males | - | excessively increased | #7 |
short-term intake of eucaloric diet containing a high percentage of fats | decrease | first-phase insulin release | healthy males | - | attenuated | #8 |
Short-term intake of a high-fat diet aggravates postprandial glucose metabolism; however, the dose-response relationship has not been investigated. We hypothesized that short-term intake of a eucaloric low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (LCHF) would aggravate postprandial glucose metabolism and circulating adhesion molecules in healthy males. Seven healthy young males (mean ± SE; age: 26 ± 1 years) consumed either a eucaloric control diet (C, approximately 25% fats), a eucaloric intermediate-carbohydrate/intermediate-fat diet (ICIF, approximately 50% fats), or an LCHF (approximately 70% fats) for 3 days. An oral meal tolerance test (MTT) was performed after the 3-day dietary intervention. The concentrations of plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were determined at rest and during MTT. The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of plasma glucose concentration during MTT was significantly higher in LCHF than in C (P = 0.009). The first-phase insulin secretion indexes were significantly lower in LCHF than in C (P = 0.04). Moreover, the iAUC of GLP-1 and VCAM-1 concentrations was significantly higher in LCHF than in C (P = 0.014 and P = 0.04, respectively). The metabolites from ICIF and C were not significantly different. In conclusion, short-term intake of eucaloric diet containing a high percentage of fats in healthy males excessively increased postprandial glucose and VCAM-1 concentrations and attenuated first-phase insulin release.