Caffeine and cardiovascular diseases: critical review of current research.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to review the safety, proposed benefits, and side effects of caffeine consumption, particularly from energy drinks, and identify safe dosage levels.
Results Summary
The study highlights concerns about caffeine safety and its effects on alertness, performance, and cardiovascular health, noting inconsistent results due to varying populations, doses, and study designs.
Population
Humans and animal models (not specified further).
Effective Dosage
Not specified.
Duration
Not specified.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
caffeine | increase | alertness | - | - | proposed beneficial role | #1 |
caffeine | increase | performance | - | - | proposed beneficial role | #2 |
caffeine | increase | energy expenditure | - | - | proposed beneficial role | #3 |
caffeine | neutral | cardiovascular system | - | - | side effects | #4 |
Caffeine is a most widely consumed physiological stimulant worldwide, which is consumed via natural sources, such as coffee and tea, and now marketed sources such as energy drinks and other dietary supplements. This wide use has led to concerns regarding the safety of caffeine and its proposed beneficial role in alertness, performance and energy expenditure and side effects in the cardiovascular system. The question remains "Which dose is safe?", as the population does not appear to adhere to the strict guidelines listed on caffeine consumption. Studies in humans and animal models yield controversial results, which can be explained by population, type and dose of caffeine and low statistical power. This review will focus on comprehensive and critical review of the current literature and provide an avenue for further study.