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Protective Effects of Tinospora cordifolia on Hepatic and Gastrointestinal Toxicity Induced by Chronic and Moderate Alcoholism.

Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)
January 1, 2016
Bhawana Sharma et al. (2 authors)
Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tHuman Study
Study Details

Study Goal

The researchers aimed to determine whether Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE) could mitigate moderate alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and improve intestinal absorption of vitamins.

Results Summary

TCE intervention downregulated elevated liver enzymes and lipid levels in moderate alcoholics, restored depleted vitamin biomarkers, and improved intestinal absorption markers like 2-O-p-coumaroyltartronic acid (CA).

Population

Asymptomatic moderate alcoholics (n=12) without chronic liver disease and healthy volunteers (n=14), mean age 39 ± 2.2.

Effective Dosage

Not specified

Duration

14 days

Interactions

None mentioned

Extracted Claims (28)
InterventionDirectionEndpointPopulationDosageImpactClaim #
moderate alcohol intake
decrease
plasma vitamins
-
-
depletes
#1
moderate alcohol intake
neutral
liver
-
-
is hepatotoxic
#2
moderate alcohol intake
decrease
intestinal absorption
-
-
decreases
#3
moderate alcohol intake
increase
gamma-glutamyl transferase
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
significant increase in the levels of
#4
moderate alcohol intake
increase
aspartate transaminase
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
significant increase in the levels of
#5
moderate alcohol intake
increase
alanine transaminase
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
significant increase in the levels of
#6
moderate alcohol intake
increase
Triglyceride
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
significant increase in the levels of
#7
moderate alcohol intake
increase
Cholesterol
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
significant increase in the levels of
#8
moderate alcohol intake
increase
HDL
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
significant increase in the levels of
#9
moderate alcohol intake
increase
LDL
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
significant increase in the levels of
#10
moderate alcohol intake
increase
7-dehydrocholesterol
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
increased excretion of
#11
moderate alcohol intake
increase
orotic acid
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
increased excretion of
#12
moderate alcohol intake
increase
pyridoxine
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
increased excretion of
#13
moderate alcohol intake
increase
lipoamide
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
increased excretion of
#14
moderate alcohol intake
increase
niacin
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
increased excretion of
#15
moderate alcohol intake
decrease
biotin
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
decreased excretion of
#16
moderate alcohol intake
decrease
xanthine
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
decreased excretion of
#17
moderate alcohol intake
decrease
vitamin D2
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
decreased excretion of
#18
moderate alcohol intake
decrease
2-O-p-coumaroyltartronic acid (CA, an internal marker of intestinal absorption)
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
decreased excretion of
#19
Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE)
decrease
gamma-glutamyl transferase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, HDL and LDL
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
downregulated
#20
Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE)
decrease
7-dehydrocholesterol, orotic acid, pyridoxine, lipoamide and niacin
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
depleted
#21
Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE)
increase
CA (2-O-p-coumaroyltartronic acid)
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
restored
#22
Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE)
increase
biotin
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
restored
#23
Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE)
neutral
homocysteine
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
normalized
#24
Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE)
neutral
xanthurenic acid
asymptomatic moderate alcoholics
-
normalized
#25
Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE)
increase
intestinal absorption
-
-
effectively increased
#26
Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE)
increase
retaining power of liver
-
-
increased
#27
Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE)
neutral
alcohol-induced multivitamin deficiency
-
-
regulated
#28
Abstract

AIMS: Heavy alcohol intake depletes the plasma vitamins due to hepatotoxicity and decreased intestinal absorption. However, moderate alcohol intake is often thought to be healthy. Therefore, effects of chronic moderate alcohol intake on liver and intestine were studied using urinary vitamin levels. Furthermore, effects of Tinospora cordifolia water extract (TCE) (hepatoprotective) on vitamin excretion and intestinal absorption were also studied. METHODS: In the study, asymptomatic moderate alcoholics (n = 12) without chronic liver disease and healthy volunteers (n = 14) of mean age 39 ± 2.2 (mean ± SD) were selected and divided into three groups. TCE treatment was performed for 14 days. The blood and urine samples were collected on Day 0 and 14 after treatment with TCE and analyzed. RESULTS: In alcoholics samples, a significant increase in the levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, HDL and LDL (P < 0.05) was observed but their level get downregulated after TCE intervention. Multivariate analysis of metabolites without missing values showed an increased excretion of 7-dehydrocholesterol, orotic acid, pyridoxine, lipoamide and niacin and TCE intervention depleted their levels (P < 0.05). In contrast, excretion of biotin, xanthine, vitamin D2 and 2-O-p-coumaroyltartronic acid (CA, an internal marker of intestinal absorption) were observed to be decreased in alcoholic samples; however, TCE intervention restored the CA and biotin levels. Vitamin metabolism biomarkers, i.e. homocysteine and xanthurenic acid, were also normalized after TCE intervention. CONCLUSION: Overall data depict that moderate alcohol intake is also hepatotoxic and decreases intestinal absorption. However, TCE treatment effectively increased the intestinal absorption and retaining power of liver that regulated alcohol-induced multivitamin deficiency.

Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
AdultAlcoholismBiotinCase-Control StudiesErgocalciferolsGastrointestinal TractHomocysteineHumansIntestinal AbsorptionLiverPlant ExtractsSeverity of Illness IndexTartronatesTinosporaVitaminsXanthineXanthurenates
Study Links
Quality Scores
SafetyNot Assessed
Efficacy85/10
Quality70/10
Citation Metrics
Total Citations20
Citations/Year2.2
Relative Citation Ratio1.14
NIH Percentile55%
Research Impact Scores
APT Score0.25
Weight Score0.86
Normalized Score0.68
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