The phenolic acids of Agen prunes (dried plums) or Agen prune juice concentrates do not account for the protective action on bone in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether Chlorogenic Acid and other polyphenols in dried plum influence preosteoblast proliferation and activity in vitro, and whether these compounds improve bone health in vivo and ex vivo.
Results Summary
Chlorogenic Acid and related compounds induced preosteoblast proliferation and repressed alkaline phosphatase activity in vitro. In vivo, low-chlorogenic acid prunes and juice concentrate prevented bone mineral density loss in estrogen-deficient rats and restored bone marker levels.
Population
5-month-old female rats with induced estrogen deficiency.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary supplementation with dried plum (DP) | decrease | established osteopenia | ovariectomized rodents | - | has been shown to protect against and reverse | #1 |
neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, and caffeic acids | increase | the proliferation of primary preosteoblasts | in vitro | dose-dependent manner | induce | #2 |
neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, and caffeic acids | decrease | the alkaline phosphatase activity of primary preosteoblasts | in vitro | dose-dependent manner | repress | #3 |
low-chlorogenic acid Agen prunes (AP) enriched with a high-fiber diet | decrease | the decrease of total femoral bone mineral density induced by estrogen deficiency | 5-month-old female rats | - | prevented | #4 |
low-chlorogenic acid AP juice concentrate | decrease | the decrease of total femoral bone mineral density induced by estrogen deficiency | 5-month-old female rats | - | prevented | #5 |
low-chlorogenic acid Agen prunes (AP) enriched with a high-fiber diet and low-chlorogenic acid AP juice concentrate | increase | the variations of the bone markers osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline | 5-month-old female rats | - | positively restored | #6 |
serum from rats fed with low-chlorogenic acid AP enriched with a high-fiber diet | decrease | proliferation of primary preosteoblasts | ex vivo | - | showed repressed | #7 |
serum from rats fed with low-chlorogenic acid AP enriched with a high-fiber diet | increase | alkaline phosphatase activity of primary preosteoblasts | ex vivo | - | stimulated | #8 |
Dietary supplementation with dried plum (DP) has been shown to protect against and reverse established osteopenia in ovariectomized rodents. Based on in vitro studies, we hypothesized that DP polyphenols may be responsible for that bone-sparing effect. This study was designed to (1) analyze whether the main phenolic acids of DP control preosteoblast proliferation and activity in vitro; (2) determine if the polyphenolic content of DP or DP juice concentrate is the main component improving bone health in vivo; and (3) analyze whether DP metabolites directly modulate preosteoblast physiology ex vivo. In vitro, we found that neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, and caffeic acids induce the proliferation and repress the alkaline phosphatase activity of primary preosteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, low-chlorogenic acid Agen prunes (AP) enriched with a high-fiber diet and low-chlorogenic acid AP juice concentrate prevented the decrease of total femoral bone mineral density induced by estrogen deficiency in 5-month-old female rats and positively restored the variations of the bone markers osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline. Ex vivo, we demonstrated that serum from rats fed with low-chlorogenic acid AP enriched with a high-fiber diet showed repressed proliferation and stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity of primary preosteoblasts. Overall, the beneficial action of AP on bone health was not dependent on its polyphenolic content.