Fall and Fracture Risk in Sarcopenia and Dynapenia With and Without Obesity: the Role of Lifestyle Interventions.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of progressive resistance training, combined with nutritional strategies, in optimizing body composition and muscle function to reduce falls and fracture risk in older adults with sarcopenic and dynapenic obesity.
Results Summary
The study suggests that resistance training, alongside protein and vitamin D supplementation, may improve body composition and muscle function, thereby reducing falls and fracture risk in obese older adults with sarcopenia or dynapenia. However, weight loss interventions alone may negatively impact muscle and bone health.
Population
Older adults with sarcopenic obesity and dynapenic obesity.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
obesity | decrease | fracture | - | - | apparent protective effect | #1 |
increased adiposity | decrease | bone health | - | - | may compromise | #2 |
sarcopenic obesity and dynapenic obesity | increase | risk of falls and fracture | obese older adults | - | may exacerbate | #3 |
Weight loss interventions | neutral | - | older adults with sarcopenic and dynapenic obesity | - | likely to be beneficial | #4 |
Weight loss interventions | decrease | muscle and bone health | - | - | may result in further reductions | #5 |
exercise including progressive resistance training and nutritional strategies, including protein and vitamin D supplementation | increase | body composition and muscle function outcomes | - | - | may optimise | #6 |
exercise including progressive resistance training and nutritional strategies, including protein and vitamin D supplementation | decrease | falls and fracture risk | this population | - | thereby reducing | #7 |
Due to their differing etiologies and consequences, it has been proposed that the term "sarcopenia" should revert to its original definition of age-related muscle mass declines, with a separate term, "dynapenia", describing muscle strength and function declines. There is increasing interest in the interactions of sarcopenia and dynapenia with obesity. Despite an apparent protective effect of obesity on fracture, increased adiposity may compromise bone health, and the presence of sarcopenia and/or dynapenia ("sarcopenic obesity" and "dynapenic obesity") may exacerbate the risk of falls and fracture in obese older adults. Weight loss interventions are likely to be beneficial for older adults with sarcopenic and dynapenic obesity but may result in further reductions in muscle and bone health. The addition of exercise including progressive resistance training and nutritional strategies, including protein and vitamin D supplementation, may optimise body composition and muscle function outcomes thereby reducing falls and fracture risk in this population.