A protein-enriched low glycemic index diet with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation exerts beneficial effects on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate the practicability and effects of a protein-enriched, low-glycemic-index diet supplemented with omega-3 PUFA on metabolic control and inflammatory parameters in type 2 diabetes patients.
Results Summary
The dietary intervention significantly reduced HbA1c levels, waist circumference, and systemic inflammation (measured by usCRP) over 24 weeks in obese type 2 diabetes patients.
Population
Mostly obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
24 weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a combined dietary intervention with increased relative protein content supplemented with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) | decrease | HbA1c | type 2 diabetes patients | from 63±11mmol/mol to 59±14mmol/mol after 12 weeks and 56±12mmol/mol after 24 weeks | significantly reduced | #1 |
a combined dietary intervention with increased relative protein content supplemented with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) | decrease | usCRP | type 2 diabetes patients | - | decreased significantly | #2 |
a combined dietary intervention with increased relative protein content supplemented with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) | decrease | waist circumference | type 2 diabetes patients | from 116.0±14.1cm to 114.9±13.5cm after 3 weeks, 114.0±14.4cm after 12 weeks, and 112.7±13.4cm after 24 weeks | decreased | #3 |
a protein enriched and low glycemic index diet supplemented with long-chain omega-3 PUFA | increase | glycemic control | overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes | - | improves | #4 |
a protein enriched and low glycemic index diet supplemented with long-chain omega-3 PUFA | decrease | waist circumference | overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes | - | reduces | #5 |
a protein enriched and low glycemic index diet supplemented with long-chain omega-3 PUFA | decrease | silent inflammation | overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes | - | reduces | #6 |
AIMS: The current study aims to investigate practicability and effects of a combined dietary intervention with increased relative protein content supplemented with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on metabolic control and inflammatory parameters in a real life situation in type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS: In this observational study we advised thirty mostly obese patients with type 2 diabetes to follow a protein-enriched diet with carbohydrates of low glycemic index (low GI) and moderate fat reduction supplemented with omega-3 PUFA for 24 weeks. Primary efficacy parameter was the change in HbA1c; secondary parameters included changes in systemic inflammation (measured by ultrasensitive C-reactive protein, usCRP), body weight, waist circumference, fat mass. The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01474603). RESULTS: The dietary intervention significantly reduced the primary efficacy variable HbA1c from a baseline value of 63±11mmol/mol to 59±14mmol/mol (P=0.033) and 56±12mmol/mol (P=0.001) after 12 and 24 weeks, respectively. In addition, usCRP decreased significantly at 24 weeks (P=0.039). Waist circumference, an important indicator for cardiometabolic-risk and silent inflammation, decreased from baseline 116.0±14.1cm to 114.9±13.5cm (P=0.019), 114.0±14.4cm (P=0.001), and 112.7±13.4cm (P=0.049), after 3, 12 and 24 weeks, respectively. CONCLUSION: Counseling a protein enriched and low glycemic index diet supplemented with long-chain omega-3 PUFA in a real-life clinical setting improves glycemic control and also reduces waist circumference and silent inflammation in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes.