Effect of ω-3 fatty acid ethyl esters on apolipoprotein B-48 kinetics in obese subjects on a weight-loss diet: a new tracer kinetic study in the postprandial state.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to examine the effect of ω-3 fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) supplementation, containing docosahexaenoic acid, on apolipoprotein B-48 kinetics in obese subjects on a weight-loss diet.
Results Summary
The study found that ω-3 FAEE supplementation significantly reduced fasting triglyceride and apoB-48 concentrations, postprandial triglyceride and apoB-48 AUCs, and basal apoB-48 secretion, improving chylomicron metabolism in obese subjects.
Population
Obese subjects on a weight-loss diet.
Effective Dosage
4 g/d ω-3 FAEE (46% eicosapentaenoic acid and 38% docosahexaenoic acid).
Duration
12 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ω-3 fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) supplementation | decrease | plasma triglyceride | - | - | decreases | #1 |
Weight loss with or without ω-3 FAEE supplementation | decrease | body weight | obese subjects | - | significantly reduced | #2 |
Weight loss with or without ω-3 FAEE supplementation | decrease | total fat mass | obese subjects | - | significantly reduced | #3 |
Weight loss with or without ω-3 FAEE supplementation | decrease | homeostasis model assessment score | obese subjects | - | significantly reduced | #4 |
Weight loss with or without ω-3 FAEE supplementation | decrease | fasting triglyceride concentration | obese subjects | - | significantly reduced | #5 |
Weight loss with or without ω-3 FAEE supplementation | decrease | postprandial triglyceride AUC | obese subjects | - | significantly reduced | #6 |
Weight loss with or without ω-3 FAEE supplementation | increase | plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration | obese subjects | - | increased | #7 |
weight loss plus ω-3 FAEE | decrease | fasting triglyceride | obese subjects | -11% | significantly decreased | #8 |
weight loss plus ω-3 FAEE | decrease | apoB-48 concentrations | obese subjects | -36% | significantly decreased | #9 |
weight loss plus ω-3 FAEE | decrease | postprandial triglyceride total AUCs | obese subjects | -21% | significantly decreased | #10 |
weight loss plus ω-3 FAEE | decrease | apoB-48 total AUCs | obese subjects | -22% | significantly decreased | #11 |
weight loss plus ω-3 FAEE | decrease | incremental postprandial triglyceride AUCs | obese subjects | -32% | significantly decreased | #12 |
ω-3 FAEE | decrease | apoB-48 secretion in the basal state | obese subjects | - | significantly decreased | #13 |
ω-3 FAEE | no change | apoB-48 secretion during the postprandial period (3-6 hours) | obese subjects | - | no significant effect | #14 |
ω-3 FAEE supplementation | no change | fractional catabolic rate of apoB-48 | obese subjects | - | no significant independent effect | #15 |
Addition of ω-3 FAEE supplementation to a moderate weight-loss diet | increase | chylomicron metabolism | obese subjects | - | can significantly improve | #16 |
Addition of ω-3 FAEE supplementation to a moderate weight-loss diet | decrease | secretion of apoB-48 | obese subjects | - | decreasing | #17 |
CONTEXT: Dysregulated chylomicron metabolism may account for hypertriglyceridemia and increased risk of cardiovascular disease in obese subjects. Supplementation with ω-3 fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) decreases plasma triglyceride. However, its effect on postprandial chylomicron metabolism in obese subjects on a weight-loss diet has not yet been investigated. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the effect of ω-3 FAEE supplementation on apolipoprotein (apo) B-48 kinetics in obese subjects on a weight-loss diet. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: We carried out a 12-week, randomized trial of a hypocaloric diet plus 4 g/d ω-3 FAEE supplementation (46% eicosapentaenoic acid and 38% docosahexaenoic acid) (n = 13) compared with a hypocaloric diet alone (n = 12) on postprandial apoB-48 kinetics in obese subjects after ingestion of an oral load. The apoB-48 kinetics were determined using stable isotope tracer kinetics and multicompartmental modeling. OUTCOMES MEASURES: We evaluated plasma total and incremental apoB-48 0- to 10-hour area under the curves (AUCs) as well as apoB-48 secretion and fractional catabolic rate. RESULTS: Weight loss with or without ω-3 FAEE supplementation significantly reduced body weight, total fat mass, homeostasis model assessment score, fasting triglyceride concentration, postprandial triglyceride AUC, and increased plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (P < .05 in all). Compared with weight loss alone, weight loss plus ω-3 FAEE significantly (all P < .05) decreased fasting triglyceride (-11%), apoB-48 (-36%) concentrations, postprandial triglyceride (-21%), and apoB-48 (-22%) total AUCs, as well as incremental postprandial triglyceride AUCs (-32%). The ω-3 FAEE also significantly decreased apoB-48 secretion in the basal state, without a significant effect during the postprandial period (3-6 hours). The fractional catabolic rate of apoB-48 increased with both interventions with no significant independent effect of ω-3 FAEE supplementation. CONCLUSION: Addition of ω-3 FAEE supplementation to a moderate weight-loss diet in obese subjects can significantly improve chylomicron metabolism by independently decreasing the secretion of apoB-48.