Diagnostic characteristics and application of alcohol biomarkers.
Study Goal
The researchers were examining the role of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as a biomarker for alcohol abuse and related organ damage.
Results Summary
The abstract mentions ALT as a well-validated biomarker for screening and monitoring excessive alcohol intake and related disorders, but does not provide specific results regarding its efficacy or safety.
Population
General population, with potential focus on individuals with alcohol abuse or related conditions.
Effective Dosage
Not mentioned
Duration
Not mentioned
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
alcohol biomarkers | neutral | early diagnosis of alcohol intoxication/abuse, alcohol-related organ damages, assessment of alcoholism therapy outcomes, and in forensic medicine | - | - | play a significant role in | #1 |
laboratory detection of excessive alcohol consumption | neutral | direct measuring of the ethanol and/or metabolites in biological samples | - | - | can be carried out by | #2 |
alcohol biomarkers | neutral | particular demands such as: prevention and treatment of alcoholism in primary and social care, criminal justice, workplace health and safety screening, trafficking control, etc. | - | - | specificity and sensitivity dependent on | #3 |
alcohol biomarkers traditionally used in clinical practice | neutral | blood alcohol concentration (BAC), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), the ratio GGT/CDT, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the ratio AST/ALT, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), phosphatidylethanol (PEth) | - | - | are well validated | #4 |
alcohol biomarkers traditionally used in clinical practice | neutral | acute/chronic excessive alcohol intake, alcoholism in pregnancy, and other disorders/conditions related to alcohol abuse | - | - | are used as screening/monitoring markers of | #5 |
potential alcohol biomarkers | neutral | ethanol and serotonin metabolites, sialic acids, etc. | - | - | have good diagnostic characteristics | #6 |
sensitive and practical alcohol transdermal devices | neutral | BAC through human skin | - | - | can instantly/continuously measure | #7 |
transdermal sensing of alcohol | neutral | monitoring abstinence | - | - | may become a valuable method for | #8 |
recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) | neutral | several susceptibility loci for alcohol dependence | - | - | have proposed | #9 |
Alcohol biomarkers play a significant role in the early diagnosis of alcohol intoxication/abuse, alcohol-related organ damages, assessment of alcoholism therapy outcomes, and in forensic medicine. Laboratory detection of excessive alcohol consumption can be carried out by direct measuring of the ethanol and/or metabolites in biological samples which is of particular importance in the cases of acute ethanol intoxication/controlling and/or monitoring of alcohol consumption, or indirectly, by using biomarkers. Preferred diagnostic characteristics of alcohol biomarkers, specificity and sensitivity dependent on the particular demands such as: prevention and treatment of alcoholism in primary and social care, criminal justice, workplace health and safety screening, trafficking control, etc. Alcohol biomarkers traditionally used in clinical practice [blood alcohol concentration (BAC), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), the ratio GGT/CDT, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the rati. AST/ALT, mean cbrpuscular volume (MCV), phosphatidylethanol (PEth)] are well validated. They are used as screening/monitoring markers of acute/chronic excessive alcohol intake, alcoholism in pregnancy, and other disorders/conditions related to alcohol abuse. Numerous potential alcohol biomarkers have been discovered, but few are validated. Potential alcohol biomarkers (ethanol and serotonin metabolites, sialic acids, etc.) have good diagnostic characteristics, but their application in clinical practice is limited due to the costly equipment necessary for their measurement. Significant progress has been made in the development of sensitive and practical alcohol transdermal devices that can instantly/continuously measure BAC through human skin. Transdermal sensing of alcohol may become a valuable method for monitoring abstinence. A special aspect of alcoholism is genetic predisposition to alcohol abuse and alcoholism, or alcohol-related organ damage. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have proposed several susceptibility loci for alcohol dependence.