Mediterranean diet and risk of hyperuricemia in elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate whether adherence to the Mediterranean diet, including wine consumption, affects the risk or reversion of hyperuricemia.
Results Summary
Baseline wine consumption was associated with a higher prevalence of hyperuricemia, but no specific efficacy or adverse effects of wine were detailed in the study. The Mediterranean diet as a whole showed benefits in reducing hyperuricemia.
Population
4,449 elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Median follow-up of 5 years
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mediterranean-type diet | decrease | serum uric acid concentrations | - | - | could play a role in decreasing | #1 |
better adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) | decrease | hyperuricemia | - | - | reduced or prevented the development of | #2 |
increasing levels of adherence to the 14-item MeDiet score | decrease | hyperuricemia | 4,449 elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk | - | inverse association was observed | #3 |
baseline consumption of red meat | increase | hyperuricemia | 4,449 elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk | - | associated with a higher prevalence of | #4 |
baseline consumption of fish and seafood | increase | hyperuricemia | 4,449 elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk | - | associated with a higher prevalence of | #5 |
baseline consumption of wine | increase | hyperuricemia | 4,449 elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk | - | associated with a higher prevalence of | #6 |
highest category of baseline adherence to the MeDiet | decrease | hyperuricemia | 964 hyperuricemic individuals at baseline | multivariable-adjusted odds ratio = 1.73; 95% confidence interval: 1.04-2.89 | Reversion of hyperuricemia was significantly higher | #7 |
baseline adherence to MeDiet | no change | incidence of hyperuricemia | 3,037 individuals who did not have hyperuricemia at baseline | - | No association was found | #8 |
three intervention diets (two MeDiet interventions supplemented with either olive oil or nuts, or a control diet) | decrease | hyperuricemia | 4,449 elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk | - | had similar effects in the reduction of | #9 |
Higher baseline adherence to the MeDiet | decrease | hyperuricemia | 4,449 elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk | - | is associated with lower risk of | #10 |
BACKGROUND: A Mediterranean-type diet could play a role in decreasing serum uric acid concentrations due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether better adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) reduced or prevented the development of hyperuricemia. METHODS: Cross-sectional and prospective analysis in 4,449 elderly participants at high cardiovascular risk from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea trial randomized to two MeDiet interventions (supplemented with either olive oil or nuts) or a control diet. A validated 14-item questionnaire was used to assess adherence to the MeDiet. Hyperuricemia was considered to be present when serum uric acid was higher than 7mg/dL in men or higher than 6mg/dL in women. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 5 years, 756 individuals of the 3,037 (24.9%) who did not have hyperuricemia at baseline developed hyperuricemia, whereas 422 of the 964 hyperuricemic individuals at baseline (43.8%) reverted this condition. In cross-sectional analyses, an inverse association was observed between increasing levels of adherence to the 14-item MeDiet score and decreasing hyperuricemia (p trend < .001). Baseline consumption of red meat, fish and seafood, and wine were associated with a higher prevalence of hyperuricemia. Reversion of hyperuricemia was significantly higher (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio = 1.73; 95% confidence interval: 1.04-2.89) in the highest category of baseline adherence to the MeDiet as compared with the lowest. No association was found between baseline adherence to MeDiet and the incidence of hyperuricemia. The three intervention diets had similar effects in the reduction of hyperuricemia. CONCLUSIONS: Higher baseline adherence to the MeDiet is associated with lower risk of hyperuricemia.