Comparison of the clinical manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus between rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta lasiotis) and human being.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine the similarities in the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) between rhesus monkeys and humans when fed a high-fat diet.
Results Summary
Of the 50 monkeys fed a high-fat diet, 8 developed overt T2DM, 26 experienced impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose, and 16 maintained normal fasting plasma glucose levels. Monkeys with impaired glucose tolerance showed obesity, increased fasting plasma insulin, reduced postprandial glucose clearance, and decreased insulin secretion.
Population
60 adult male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta lasiotis), with 50 aged 7-20 years fed a high-fat diet and 10 aged 4-10 years fed a standard diet.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
2 years
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
high-fat diet | increase | overt T2DM | 50 monkeys fed with high-fat diet | 8 | developed | #1 |
high-fat diet | increase | impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose | 50 monkeys fed with high-fat diet | 26 | experienced | #2 |
high-fat diet | no change | FPG | 50 monkeys fed with high-fat diet | 16 monkeys normal | was | #3 |
high-fat diet | increase | obesity | monkeys with impaired glucose tolerance | - | experienced | #4 |
high-fat diet | increase | fasting plasma insulin | monkeys with impaired glucose tolerance | - | compensatory increase | #5 |
high-fat diet | decrease | postprandial glucose clearance rate (KGluc5-20) | monkeys with impaired glucose tolerance | - | significant decline | #6 |
high-fat diet | decrease | insulin secretion | monkeys with impaired glucose tolerance | - | decreased | #7 |
OBJECTIVES: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common form of diabetes. To determine the similarities of development of T2DM between rhesus monkey [Macaca mulatta lasiotis (M. m. lasiotis)] and human being, the clinical parameters were determined during a period of 2 years in 60 adult male rhesus monkeys (M. m. lasiotis). METHODS: Sixty male monkeys whose fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level less than or equal to 5 mmol/L (90 mg/dL) were enrolled in this study. Of these, 50 monkeys aged 7 to 20 years were fed with high-fat diet and 10 aged 4 to 10 years fed with standard diet as normal monkeys. Body weight, body mass index, FPG, fasting plasma insulin, and hemoglobin A1c levels were measured and calculated. The responses of insulin and glucose levels to intravenous glucose tolerance test were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 50 monkeys fed with high-fat diet, 8 developed overt T2DM, 26 experienced impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose, and FPG of 16 monkeys was normal. All monkeys with impaired glucose tolerance experienced obesity, compensatory increase of fasting plasma insulin, significant decline of postprandial glucose clearance rate (KGluc5-20), and decreased insulin secretion. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, rhesus monkey (M. m. lasiotis) has many similarities with human beings in terms of clinical manifestations and risk factors at different diabetes stages.