A 6-month trial of resistance training with milk supplementation in adolescents: effects on body composition.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether milk supplementation (providing additional calcium and protein) combined with resistance training enhances body composition changes in adolescents compared to resistance training alone.
Results Summary
The study found no significant differences in body weight, fat mass, or fat-free mass changes between milk, juice, and water groups over 6 months, suggesting milk supplementation did not enhance body composition changes compared to RT alone. Fat-free mass accounted for most of the weight gain across all groups.
Population
Predominantly overweight middle-school students (mean age 13.6 years, mean BMI percentile 85th).
Effective Dosage
24 oz/day of milk (one 16-oz dose immediately post-RT).
Duration
6 months.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
supervised resistance training program with daily milk supplementation | no change | body weight | middle-school students | milk = 3.4 ± 3.7 kg, juice = 4.2 ± 3.1 kg, water = 2.3 ±2.9 kg | showed no significant differences between groups for change in | #1 |
supervised resistance training program with daily milk supplementation | no change | fat mass | middle-school students | milk = 1.1 ±2.8 kg, juice = 1.6 ± 2.5 kg, water = 0.4 ±3.6 kg | showed no significant differences between groups for change in | #2 |
supervised resistance training program with daily milk supplementation | no change | fat-free mass | middle-school students | milk = 2.2 ± 1.9 kg, juice = 2.7 ± 1.9 kg, water = 1.7 ± 2.9 kg | showed no significant differences between groups for change in | #3 |
supervised resistance training program with daily milk supplementation | increase | fat-free mass | middle-school students | milk = 62%, juice = 64%, water = 74% | accounted for a high proportion of the increased weight | #4 |
resistance training with milk supplementation | no change | body composition | predominantly overweight adolescents | - | do not support the hypothesis that ... enhances changes in | #5 |
Fluid milk consumed in conjunction with resistance training (RT) provides additional protein and calcium, which may enhance the effect of RT on body composition. However, the literature on this topic is inconsistent with limited data in adolescents. Therefore, we examined the effects of a supervised RT program (6 mo, 3 d/ wk, 7 exercises, 40-85% 1-repetition maximum) with daily milk supplementation (24 oz/day, one 16-oz dose immediately post-RT) on weight, fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) assessed via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (baseline, 3 mo, 6 mo) in a sample of middle-school students who were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 supplement groups: milk, isocaloric carbohydrate (100% fruit juice), or water (control). Thirty-nine boys and 69 girls (mean age = 13.6 yr, mean BMI percentile = 85th) completed the study: milk n = 36, juice n = 34, water n = 38. The results showed no significant differences between groups for change in body weight (milk = 3.4 ± 3.7 kg, juice = 4.2 ± 3.1 kg, water = 2.3 ±2.9 kg), FM (milk = 1.1 ±2.8 kg, juice = 1.6 ± 2.5 kg, water = 0.4 ±3.6 kg), or FFM (milk = 2.2 ± 1.9 kg, juice = 2.7 ± 1.9 kg, water = 1.7 ± 2.9 kg) over 6 mo. FFM accounted for a high proportion of the increased weight (milk = 62%, juice = 64%, water = 74%). These results from a sample of predominantly overweight adolescents do not support the hypothesis that RT with milk supplementation enhances changes in body composition compared with RT alone.