Association between dietary scores and 13-year weight change and obesity risk in a French prospective cohort.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to assess and compare the predictive value of six dietary scores, including Mediterranean Diet scores, on weight change and obesity risk over 13 years in adults aged 45+.
Results Summary
Higher adherence to Mediterranean Diet scores (MDS, rMED) was associated with lower weight gain in men and reduced obesity risk (ORs 0.63-0.72). Associations were weaker or non-significant in women.
Population
French adults aged 45+ from the SU.VI.MAX study (n=3151).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
13 years
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
higher scores, that is, better adherence to nutritional guidelines or to a Mediterranean diet | decrease | weight gain | men | - | were associated with lower weight gain | #1 |
a 1 s.d. increase in dietary scores | decrease | obesity risk | men | 0.63, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.78 for DGAI | ORs for becoming obese after 13 years associated with | #2 |
a 1 s.d. increase in dietary scores | decrease | obesity risk | men | 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.88 for MDS | ORs for becoming obese after 13 years associated with | #3 |
higher scores, that is, better adherence to nutritional guidelines or to a Mediterranean diet | no change | weight gain and obesity risk | women | - | These associations were weaker or not statistically significant | #4 |
strong adherence to dietary guidelines | decrease | weight gain and obesity | French adults | - | appears to be protective with regard to | #5 |
strong adherence to dietary guidelines | decrease | weight gain and obesity | men | - | appears to be protective with regard to | #6 |
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The relationship between diet quality and development of obesity is complex and unresolved. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the predictive value of six different dietary scores on both relative weight change and the risk of obesity after 13 years of follow-up in adults aged 45 years and older. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Six scores reflecting adherence to different nutritional recommendations (the French Programme National Nutrition Santé-Guideline Score (PNNS-GS), the Dietary Guidelines for Americans Index (DGAI), the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), the Mediterranean Diet Scale (MDS), the relative Mediterranean Diet Score (rMED) and the Mediterranean Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS)) were estimated in 3151 participants in the French SU.VI.MAX (SUpplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants) study. Associations of dietary scores with 13-year weight change were assessed through multivariate linear regression models, and obesity risk was analyzed with logistic regression, providing odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Except for the MSDPS, higher scores, that is, better adherence to nutritional guidelines or to a Mediterranean diet, were associated with lower weight gain in men (all P-value for trend <0.05). In addition, among men, ORs for becoming obese after 13 years associated with a 1 s.d. increase in dietary scores ranged from 0.63, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.78 for DGAI to 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.88 for MDS. These associations were weaker or not statistically significant in women. CONCLUSION: Overall, the six dietary scores predicted obesity risk equally well. Among French adults, strong adherence to dietary guidelines appears to be protective with regard to weight gain and obesity, especially in men.